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Teks Eksposisi (Pengertian, Contoh, Struktur, Ciri, Jenis, Unsur Kebahasaan)

Teks Eksposisi (Pengertian, Contoh, Struktur, Ciri, Jenis, Unsur Kebahasaan) Materi lengkap - Pada kesempatan kali ini Ensiklopediasli akan membahas tentang pengertian teks eksposisi, contoh teks eksposisi, ciri-ciri teks eksposisi, jenis tek eksposisi, dan unsur kebahasaan dalam teks eksposisi.

Sebelum kita memulai membahas satu per satu, apakah kalian tahu apa itu teks eksposisi? Teks eksposisi adalah sebuah karangan/paragraf yang terkandung di dalamnya sejumlah informasi dan pengetahuan yang disajikan secara singkat, padat dan akurat. Contoh-contoh tulisan teks eksposisi dapat dilihat di berita-berita di koran dan petunjuk penggunaan.

Berikut ini adalah Pengertian Teks Eksposisi, Contoh Teks Eksposisi, Struktur Teks Eksposisi, Ciri-ciri Teks Eksposisi, Jenis Teks Eksposisi, dan Unsur Kebahasaan dalam Teks Eksposisi.

Teks Eksposisi (Pengertian, Contoh, Struktur, Ciri, Jenis, Unsur Kebahasaan)



Pengertian Teks Eksposisi 


Pengertian teks eksposisi adalah sebuah paragraf atau karangan yang terkandung di dalamnya sejumlah informasi yang mana isinya ditulis dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan atau memberikan pengertian dengan gaya penulisan yang singkat, padat dan akurat.

Ciri-ciri Teks Eksposisi



  • Gaya informasi yang mengajak
  • Penyampaian teksnya secara lugas dan menggunakan bahasa yang baku
  • Menjelaskan informasi-informasi pengetahuan
  • Tidak memihak berarti tidak memaksakan kemauan dari penulis terhadap pembacanya
  • Teks Eksposisi bersifat objektif dan netral
  • Penjelasannya disertai data-data yang akurat
  • Fakta digunakan sebagai alat konkritasi dan kontribusi


Struktur Teks Eksposisi



  1. Pernyataan pendapat (Tesis) : Gagasan utama tentang salah satu permasalahan berdasarkan fakta.
  2. Argumentasi : Penjelasan secara mendalam tentang pernyataan pendapat dan pengungkapan fakta sebagai penjelasan dari argumen si penulis.
  3. Penegasan ulang pendapat : Salah satu penguat dari pendapat serta argumen yang ditunjang oleh fakta.

Jenis-jenis Teks Eksposisi


Eksposisi Definisi

Eksposisi definisi adalah suatu paragraf eksposisi yang memaparkan definisi suatu topik tertentu.

Eksposisi Proses 

Eksposisi proses adalah langkah-langkah atau cara-cara untuk melakukan sesuatu dari awal hingga akhir.

Eksposisi Ilustrasi

Eksposisi ilustrasi adalah teks yang memaparkan informasi atau penjelasan-penjelasan tertentu dengan caranya memberikan gambaran yang sederhana mengenai suatu topik dengan topik lainnya yang memiliki kesamaan sifat atau kemiripan dalam hal-hal tertentu.

Eksposisi Laporan

Eksposisi laporan adalah paragraf eksposisi yang mengemukakan laporan dari sebuah berita atau penelitian tertentu.

Eksposisi Perbandingan

Eksposisi perbandingan adalah eksposisi yang gagasan utamanya disajikan dengan cara membandingkan dengan yang lain.

Eksposisi Pertentangan

Eksposisi pertentangan adalah eksposisi ini berisi tentang hal pertentangan akan suatu hal dengan hal lainnya.

Unsur Kebahasaan Teks Eksposisi


Unsur kebahasaan merupakan bagian-bagian yang membangun teks eksposisi. Unsur kebahasaan yang ada pada teks eksposisi adalah pronomina, konjungsi dan kata leksikal.

Pronomina 

Pronomina adalah kata ganti orang yang dapat digunakan terutama pada saat pernyataan pendapat pribadi diungkapkan. Pronomina dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua macam :

1. Pronomina Persona (kata ganti orang) yaitu persona tunggal. Contohnya : Ia, Dia, Anda, Kamu, Aku, Saudara, -nya, -mu, -ku, si-. Dan pesona jamak contohnya seperti : Kita, Kami, Kalian, Mereka, Hadirin, Para.
2. Pronomina Nonpersona (kata ganti bukan orang) yaitu pronomina penunjuk, contohnya adalah : Ini, Itu, Sini, Situ, Sana. Dan pronomina penanya contohnya : Apa, Mana, Siapa.

Konjungsi

Konjungsi atau kata penghubung digunakan dalam teks eksposisi untuk memperkuat argumentasi. Berikut ini adalah jenis konjungsi yang dapat ditemukan pada teks eksposisi :

1. Konjungsi waktu : sesudah, setelah, lalu, sebelum, setelah itu, kemudian
2. Konjungsi gabungan : serta, dan, dengan
3. Konjungsi pembatasan : asal, kecuali, selain
4. Konjungsi tujuan : untuk, supaya, agar
5. Konjungsi persyaratan : jika, jikalau, apabila, bila, asalkan, bilamana, apabila
6. Konjungsi perincian : adalah, yaitu, ialah, antara lain, yakni
7. Konjungsi sebab-akibat : sehingga, karena, sebab, akibat, akibatnya
8. Konjungsi pertentangan : akan tetapi, tetapi, namun, melainkan, sedangkan
9. Konjungsi pilihan : atau
10. Konjungsi penegasan/penguatan : apalagi, bahkan, hanya, lagi pula, itu pun
11. Konjungsi penjelasan : bahwa
12. Konjungsi perbandingan : bagai, seperti, serupa, ibarat
13. Konjungsi penyimpulan : oleh sebab itu, oleh karena itu, jadi, dengan demikian.

Kata leksikal

1. Nomina : kata yang mengacu pada benda, baik nyata ataupun abstrak.
2. Verba : kata yang mengandung makna dasar perbuatan, proses, atau keadaan yang bukan sifat.
3. Adjektiv : kata yang dipakai untuk mengungkapkan sifat atau keadaan orang, benda, dan binatang.
4. Adverbia : kata yang melengkapi atau memberikan informasi berupa keterangan tempat, waktu, suasana, alat, cara dan lain-lain.

Contoh Teks Eksposisi


Realita Hukum di Indonesia 
By : Skipnesia.com

 Tesis :
       Sebenarnya hukum di Indonesia sebagaimana yang telah diatur pada Undang-undang telah secara tegas mengatur hukuman berbagai pelaku tindak kejahatan. Namun, realitanya seringkali terjadi ketidakadilan hukum yang merugikan banyak orang. Hukum boleh saja tegas, namun menjadi tumpul di hadapan koruptor, itulah kenyataan saat ini.

Argumentasi :
       Bukan rahasia umum lagi bahwa para koruptor di Indonesia mendapatkan hukuman yang tingkatannya masih tergolong ringan, bahkan ada koruptor yang menerima fasilitas mewah padahal sudah merugikan bangsa. Seringkali kita menonton berita bahwa seorang maling dihajar masa hingga tewas. Namun, belum pernah ada koruptor di Indonesia dikeroyok masa sampai tewas.

Penegasan Ulang :
       Hukum di Indonesia itu bisa dikatakan hanya tegas di hadapan rakyat kecil. Sebut saja kasus yang pernah menimpa Nenek Asyani. Kasusnya hanya karena diduga mencuri kayu, beliau terancam hukuman selama lima tahun penjara. Sungguh tidak adil memang jika dibandingkan dengan hukuman yang akan diterima koruptor.


 WTO Globalisasi
    By : puspitagitaprnama.blogspot.com

      Tesis :
       Peran dan Manfaat WTO Globalisasi memberikan dampak berupa perubahan pada pasar internasional, salah satunya adalah liberalisasi perdagangan, yang dipandang sebagai suatu upaya untuk meningkatkan daya saing ekonomi.

     Argumentasi :
       Indonesia yang menganut perekonomian terbuka sangat sulit untuk mengelak dari dinamika ekonomi internasional yang semakin mengglobal ini. Konsekuensinya, pasar domestik Indonesia tidak terlepas dari gejolak pasar dunia yang semakin liberal, karena kebijakan unilateral dan ratifikasi kerjasama perdagangan internasional (regional dan global) yang harus dilakukan Indonesia. World Trade Organization (WTO) atau Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia merupakan satu-satunya badan internasional yang secara khusus mengatur masalah perdagangan antar negara.

      Penegasan Ulang :
       Sistem perdagangan multilateral WTO diatur melalui suatu persetujuan yang berisi aturan-aturan dasar perdagangan internasional sebagai hasil perundingan yang telah ditandatangani oleh negara-negara anggota.

Kemacetan dan Masa Depan Kota
    By: Novi Ermawati

       Tesis :
       Transportasi didefinisikan oleh para ahli sebagai kebutuhan turunan dari berbagai kegiatan ekonomi maupun sosial (lihat misalnya Morlock, 1985). T/ipe kegiatan sosial ekonomi yang berbeda akan memiliki dampak kegiatan transportasi yang berbeda pula.

      Argumentasi :
        Kegiatan transportasi harian relatif menimbulkan pergerakan yang bersifat berulang, misalnya yang terjadi pada para pekerja dan mereka yang menempuh pendidikan di sekolah. Di Yogyakarta, kota kita tercinta ini, kemacetan terjadi setiap hari pada titik-titik yang menjadi jalur pergerakan para pekerja dan siswa dari tempat tinggal menuju lokasi kerja dan sekolah.

        Kemacetan yang berulang pada jangka lebih panjang cenderung terjadi pada musim liburan maupun lebaran. Pada tahap kedatangan dan kepulangan, kemacetan parah akan terjadi pada jalan-jalan arah luar kota (misalnya Jalan Magelang, Jalan Solo, Jalan Palagan dan Jalan Wates). Pada rentang di antara masa tersebut, kemacetan dapat dirasakan di pusat kota sebagai lokasi menginap dan tujuan wisata (seperti Malioboro, Prawirotaman), serta jalan-jalan menuju objek wisata, seperti Jalan Parangtritis.

     Penegasan Ulang :
        Kemacetan harian yang dominan ditimbulkan oleh aktivitas masyarakat dalam lingkup internal. Kemacetan yang berulang setiap hari merupakan ekses dari pola tempat tinggal, bekerja dan bersekolah. Upaya mendekatkan lokasi tempat tinggal dengan lokasi kegiatan merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan. Bentuknya dapat berupa pemberian insentif tempat tinggal berupa rumah susun sewa maupun milik yang cukup nyaman untuk beraktivitas. Selama ini sepertinya belum ada upaya pengaturan pola berkegiatan yang sistematis.

Ekonomi Indonesia
By: Skipnesia.com

Tesis :
      Ekonomi rakyat adalah sebuah aktivitas ekonomi bagi rakyat. Apabila ini dikaitkan dengan aktivitas pertanian, maka yang dimaksud dengan aktivitas ekonomi rakyat adalah sebuah aktivitas ekonomi petani, peternak, nelayan kecil, petani tanpa tanah, nelayan tanpa perahu, dan sejenisnya dan bukan perkebunan atau peternak besar atau, dan sejenisnya.

Argumentasi :
        Argumen lain dari ekonomi rakyat bisa juga dilihat dari sebuah ideologi yang jargonnya adalah: “ekonomi dari rakyat, oleh rakyat, dan untuk rakyat”
       “Dari rakyat” yang artinya adalah aktivitas ekonomi itu berkaitan dengan penguasaan rakyat dan aksesibilitas rakyat terhadap sebuah sumber daya ekonomi. Rakyat menguasai dan memiliki hak atas sumber daya untuk mendukung kegiatan produktif dan konsumtifnya.
      “Oleh rakyat” yang artinya adalah proses produksi dan konsumsi dilakukan dan diputuskan oleh rakyat. Berkaitan dengan sumber daya, baik itu yang sifatnya produktif atau konsumtif, rakyat memiliki alternatif lain untuk memilih dan juga menentukan sistem pemanfaatan, seperti berapa banyak jumlah yang harus dimanfaatkan, siapa yang memanfaatkan, bagaimana proses pemanfaatannya, dan bagaimana menjaga kelestarian bagi proses pemanfaatan yang selanjutnya, dan sebagainya.
      “Untuk rakyat” yang inti utamanya adalah segala aktivitas ekonomi yang dilakukan itu pada akhirnya diperuntukkan untuk kesejahteraan rakyat juga. Rakyat menerima manfaat, dan indikator kemanfaatan yang paling utama ialah kepentingan rakyat.

Penegasan Ulang :
       Dalam hal ini juga perlu dijelaskan bahwa ekonomi rakyat bisa berkaitan “dengan siapa saja”, dalam arti kegiatan ekonomi dapat dilakukan juga dengan “non-ekonomi-rakyat”. Juga tidak ada pembatasan mengenai jenis produk, permodalan, besaran, sifat usaha, dan lain sebagainya. Ekonomi rakyat bersifat tidak eksklusif tetapi inklusif dan juga terbuka. Walaupun seperti itu, sifat fundamental diatas telah pula menciptakan suatu sistem ekonomi yang terdiri dari pelaku ekonomi, mekanisme transaksi, norma dan kesepakatan yang khas, yang umumnya telah memfasilitasi ekonomi rakyat untuk tetap bertahan dan berkembang sejalan dengan perkembangan sosial ekonomi masyarakat Indonesia.

Mandiri Pangan Dari Pekarangan Dan Teknologi Tepat Guna
By: Astalog.com

Tesis :
        Dengan berbagai teknologi intensifikasi sederhana, pekarangan dapat menjadi sumber bahan pokok makanan seperti beras, sayur-mayur, dan ikan. Dengan kegiatan ini, kebutuhan masyarakat akan makanan pokok yang bernilai gizi tinggi diharapkan dapat terpenuhi. Alasan pemanfaatan pekarangan sebagai sumber bahan makanan pokok sebagai berikut.

Argumentasi :
        Pertama, aneka tanaman sayur-mayur, seperti kacang panjang, cabai, kangkung darat, dan terong, misalnya, dapat ditanam di media selain tanah. Khusunya untuk kangkung darat dapat dibudidayakan di bumbung bambu yang disulap menjadi semacam pot. Tanaman terong, kencur, dan jahe, dpat dibudidayakan di media kantong plastik dan pot.

Sementara itu, sumber karbohidrat, seperti jagung, ketela pohon, ubi jalar dapat ditanam di pekarangan. Untuk pencukupan pupuk, kotoran ternak kambing dan sapi yang menjadi piaraannya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pupuk alami.

Selanjutnya, untuk sumber protein lain, pekarangan juga bisa dimanfaatkan menjadi kolam ikan yang mudah dipelihara, seperti lele, mujair, kakap. Di samping sebagai makanan sehari-hari, ikan itu bisa juga dijual ke masyarakat untuk meningkatkan penghasilan.

Melalui pembimbingan teknologi tepat guna, hasil panen itu dapat diolah menjadi aneka jenis komoditas pangan olahan skala rumah tangga. Ubi singkong dan pisang, misalnya, dapat diolah menjadi keripik dan juga dapat diolah menjadi bermacam-macam produk jajanan.

Penegasan ulang :
         Dengan demikian, pekarangan dengan sedikit sentuhan teknologi tepat guna dapat mewujudkan kecukupan pangan masyarakat.

Baca juga : 15 Contoh Teks Prosedur Kompleks Singkat Terbaru

Demikianlah artikel kali ini tentang Teks Eksposisi (Pengertian, Contoh, Sktruktur, Ciri, Jenis, Unsur Kebahasaan). Semoga bermanfaat bagi Anda. Sekian dan terimakasih.

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